However, to reduce strain on the Central Area, several regional centres have been developed, each containing a concentrated commercial district. In late 2004, several parts of Asia and Africa were struck by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and the resulting tsunami. Singapore was fortunate as it was protected by the Sumatra landmass, which bore the brunt of the tsunami; the effect on Singapore was limited to tremors felt in some of the common high-rise buildings there.

Financial Calendars

SG&A will be reported on the income statement in the period in which the expenses occur. Hence, SG&A expenses are said to be period costs as opposed to being part of a product’s cost. Since SG&A expenses are not a product cost, they are not assigned to the cost of goods sold or to the goods that are in inventory.

Refined petroleum products – exports

Costs that aren’t included in the production of goods must be included in the SG&A calculation. Calculating SG&A expenses is straightforward when expenses have been classified into the correct accounting categories. Reporting and accounting software should be able to pull out these expenses and correctly assign them to the SG&A category.

Public debt

• English remains the main medium for administration, commerce, and industry, and it is the primary language of instruction in schools.
• Metamorphic rocks are found in the northeastern part of Singapore and also on Pulau Tekong off the east coast of Singapore.
• Official policy relies on market forces, privatization of government enterprise, and more support for domestic private businesses.
• During World War II, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942 and returned to British control as a separate Crown colony following Japan’s surrender in 1945.
• They include the costs of shipping and shipping supplies, delivery charges, and the payment of sales commissions.

Learn financial statement modeling, DCF, M&A, LBO, Comps and Excel shortcuts. However, the SG&A expense must be standardized to be compared side-by-side to industry comparables, and the average benchmark varies significantly based on the specific industry. The 25% ratio means that for each dollar of revenue created, $0.25 gets spent on SG&A expenses. For example, let’s say that we have a company with $6 million in SG&A and $24 million in total revenue. While rather uncommon in practice, a company’s SG&A expense can be derived by rearranging the first formula. The difference between the SG&A expense and cost of goods sold (COGS) line item is as follows.

Electricity – production

Sedimentary rocks are found on the western part of Singapore and is mainly made of sandstone and mudstones. Metamorphic rocks are found in the northeastern part of Singapore and also on Pulau Tekong off the east coast of Singapore. The rocks are mainly made up of quartzite and also make up the Sajahat Formation. Spells of widespread moderate to heavy rain occur lasting from 1 to 3 days at a stretch. It is relatively dry in February till early March although rainfall still exceeds 120mm. It is also generally windy with wind speeds sometimes reaching 30 to 50 km/h (19 to 31 mph) in the months of January and February.

Cutting operating expenses can be less damaging to the core business but may affect things like employee satisfaction or customer service. SG&A costs are typically reduced after a company merger or acquisition which makes it possible to reduce redundancies. Indirect selling expenses include advertising and marketing costs, the company’s telephone bills and travel costs, and the salaries of its sales personnel. Such expenses occur throughout the manufacturing process and even after the product is finished. SG&A includes almost every business expense that isn’t included in the cost of goods sold (COGS).

Thus, the eastern side of Singapore is much drier and slightly hotter than western Singapore. This can cause slight weather disparities from one side of the island to the other. This is significant to note because even a small hill such as Bukit Timah Hill can cause this phenomenon. Despite Singapore’s small size, there may be sunshine on one side while there is rain on the other. Get instant access to video lessons taught by experienced investment bankers.

Other selling expense is indirectly related to the number of units sold. Rather, these are expenses incurred throughout the manufacturing process to earn more sales, such as base salaries of salespeople, marketing, and out-of-pocket travel expense. SG&A can be broken down into selling expenses and general and administrative expenses. SG&A costs are typically the second expense category recorded on an income statement after COGS, like on this simple income statement for XYZ Soaps Inc. It’s a broad “catch-all” category that basically includes anything you spend money on that isn’t a production cost, also known as cost of goods sold (COGS). A Development Guide Plan for each of the 55 planning areas has been released in the process.

In the north there is a causeway for both rail and road traffic, which connects to the city of Johor Bahru. In the west there is a road bridge (Tuas Second Link), which connects to Johor, for road traffic only. The connections are an important economic link to Malaysia, which can be seen as a hinterland. The highest point of Singapore is Bukit Timah Hill, are sg&a operating expenses with a height from the ground of 165 m (538  ft) and made up of igneous rock, granite. Hills and valleys of sedimentary rock dominate the northwest, while the eastern region consists of sandy and flatter land. Singapore has no natural lakes, but reservoirs and water catchment areas have been constructed to store fresh water for Singapore’s water supply.

SG&A expenses are reported on a company’s income statement, which is part of a company’s annual report. For publicly traded companies, these reports must be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Both encompass expenses that are necessary to operate a business independent of the costs of manufacturing goods. SG&A expenses are operating expenses but can, if a company wishes, be broken down separately in an income statement. After mergers or in times of financial hardship, SG&A expense is the first area that management would examine to cut costs without impacting manufacturing or sales. At the same time, companies need to act wisely in making these decisions.